Food and Nutrition: What Everyone Needs to Know (Second Edition) is Now on Pre-Sale

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Carbohydrates, sugar myths, and dietary fiber

Chapter 10. Crash Course on Carbohydrates, Sugar, and Fiber

This chapter examines the roles of carbohydrates, sugars, starch, and fiber in the body and explains their differing chemical composition, dietary sources, and metabolism. It explains the importance of fiber and resistant starch, particularly for the gastrointestinal system and microbiome (gut health). The chapter highlights how added sugars increase risks of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and dental decay and explores whether sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are to blame. It emphasizes that all added sugars compromise health, not just HFCS, and most people eat too much. Sugar-free and low-calorie sweeteners in diet soda and artificial sweeteners like aspartame and saccharine may have long-term metabolic effects, with mixed results on obesity, chronic disease, and cancer. The chapter closes by considering whether sugar is as addictive as cocaine or opiates, emphasizing moderation in creating healthy diets by decreasing sugar, increasing fiber, and making science-based dietary choices.

iber, sugar addictive, high-fructose corn syrup, sugar-sweetened beverages, added sugar (Ch 10)

  • Carbohydrates
  • Dietary fiber and disease
  • Added sugars and health
  • Artificial sweeteners
  • Sugar addiction

core topics this chapter addresses

Guiding Questions

  • What kinds of carbs do we eat and how are they used in the body? 
  • What is fiber, and why should you eat more? 
  • How much added sugar are we eating, and what are the sources? 
  • How many sugar-sweetened beverages are we drinking, and are they related to obesity and other chronic diseases? 
  • Is high-fructose corn syrup particularly harmful to health? 
  • What artificial sweeteners are used in the food supply—and do they cause cancer?
  • Do diet beverages made with sugar-free sweeteners help with weight loss—or increase your risk of cardiovascular diseases? 
  • Is sugar as addictive as cocaine and opiates? 

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Clarify the science behind carbs and sugar, whether for your own health or as a foundation for food and nutrition curriculum

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Copyright © 2019-2025  P.K. Newby, LLC & Food Matters Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

  • Food and Nutrition
  • Table of Contents
  • Book Abstract
  • Chapter 25 Future of Food
  • Chapter 24 Healthy Diet
  • Chapter 23 Diet Longevity
  • Chapter 22 SDGs 4AR AI
  • Chapter 20 Milk, Dairy
  • Chapter 21 Seafood Facts
  • Chapter 19 Meat Eggs Myth
  • Chapter 17 Nuts Beans Soy
  • Chapter 16 Grains, Gluten
  • Chapter 15 Fruit and Veg
  • Chapter 14 Coffee Tea
  • Chapter 13 Alcohol Facts
  • Chapter 12 Protein Myths
  • Chapter 11 Fat Facts
  • Chapter 10 Carbs Sugar
  • Chapter 9 Nutrients
  • Chapter 8 Water Plastics
  • Chapter 7 Diet Drivers
  • Chapter 6 Diet Fads Myths
  • Chapter 5 Food Processing
  • Chapter 4 Big Food Costs
  • Chapter 3 Big Food Costs
  • Chapter 2 Diet Disease
  • Chapter 1 Food Nutrition

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