Food and Nutrition: What Everyone Needs to Know (Second Edition) is Now on Pre-Sale

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milk, dairy, yogurt: health impacts

Chapter 20. Milk, Dairy, and Yogurt: Nutritional Benefits and Risks

This chapter examines the nutritional benefits and health risks of milk and dairy consumption, highlighting fermented foods like yogurt and cheese. It explains that humans are the only species to drink another animal’s milk, yet most sapiens are lactose intolerant. It notes that milk’s calcium is critical to building strong bones but challenges its role in osteoporosis and fractures. It discusses that reduced-fat and nonfat dairy can be part of a heart-healthy diet, whereas full-fat and high-sugar foods (whole milk, ice cream, sugar-sweetened yogurts) in a Western dietary pattern (Standard American Diet) can increase chronic disease; some studies also link milk with hormone-sensitive cancers. It shares the science on yogurt, a fermented food with live bacteria (probiotics) that improves the microbiome and gut health. Finally, it considers whether cheese is the key to the French Paradox, emphasizing the importance of the whole dietary pattern on health, sustainability, and disease prevention. 

dairy, milk, bone health, yogurt, probiotics, fermented foods, gut health, microbiome (Ch 20)

  • Whole vs low-fat dairy
  • Dairy and bone health
  • Milk and cancer
  • Yogurt, probiotics
  • Cheese, French Paradox

core topics this chapter addresses

Guiding Questions

  • Who consumes animal milk and what does it offer nutritionally?
  • Why should you care about osteoporosis and breaking a hip—and is drinking milk the key to prevention?
  • How is dairy related to obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases—and does drinking milk carry increased health risks? 
  • Does yogurt have special nutritional properties—or is it just more health-food hype? 

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Dismantle milk and dairy myths that inform product choices; leverage these insights for updated curricula and science media analysis, and consider how dairy fits into your own diet.

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Copyright © 2019-2025  P.K. Newby, LLC & Food Matters Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

  • Food and Nutrition
  • Table of Contents
  • Book Abstract
  • Chapter 25 Future of Food
  • Chapter 24 Healthy Diet
  • Chapter 23 Diet Longevity
  • Chapter 22 SDGs 4AR AI
  • Chapter 20 Milk, Dairy
  • Chapter 21 Seafood Facts
  • Chapter 19 Meat Eggs Myth
  • Chapter 17 Nuts Beans Soy
  • Chapter 16 Grains, Gluten
  • Chapter 15 Fruit and Veg
  • Chapter 14 Coffee Tea
  • Chapter 13 Alcohol Facts
  • Chapter 12 Protein Myths
  • Chapter 11 Fat Facts
  • Chapter 10 Carbs Sugar
  • Chapter 9 Nutrients
  • Chapter 8 Water Plastics
  • Chapter 7 Diet Drivers
  • Chapter 6 Diet Fads Myths
  • Chapter 5 Food Processing
  • Chapter 4 Big Food Costs
  • Chapter 3 Big Food Costs
  • Chapter 2 Diet Disease
  • Chapter 1 Food Nutrition

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