This chapter views popular diet fads and social media trends with a nutrition science lens, including clean eating and natural and raw foods that carry a health halo but distract from the major nutrition culprits that increase chronic diseases, like sugar, salt, and saturated fat.  It highlights plant-based diets (a.k.a., plant-rich, plant-forward, flexitarian, semi-vegetarian, and vegan), noting the broad scientific consensus on the significant benefits on health, sustainability, chronic disease prevention, and climate change rooted in nutrition and environmental science.  It combats disinformation about plant-based meat by illustrating the lower carbon and water footprints compared to animal meat alongside higher nutritional content, sharing how these ultra-processed foods (UPFs) fit into a healthy, sustainable diet.  The chapter examines the microbiome, revealing the role of probiotics and prebiotics and plant-based diets that foster good bacteria and prevent disease, closing on the importance of breastfeeding as the fundamental first step in human health and longevity.